by Sally Dear-Healey, Ph.D., PPNE, CCE (BWI), CD (BWI), TICP Research shows that “both psychosocial stress and pregnancy-specific stresses can have marked effects on pregnancy, maternal health, and human development across the lifespan.”  Moreover, both animal and human studies suggest that activation of what is referred to as the “maternal stress response” and resulting changes … Continue reading The Impact of Fear, Stress and Anxiety during Pregnancy and Birth on Women and Infants